Gwadar became part of Pakistan by negotiations led by Prime Minister of Pakistan Feroz Khan Noon and his wife Viqar-un-Nisa Noon with the Sultan of Oman. [8] Gwadar features heavily in CPEC, and is also envisaged to be the link between the One Belt, One Road and Maritime Silk Road project. • It features as the southern Pakistan hub of the $57 billion China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) plan. [57], Saudi Arabia has promised to build US$10 billion oil refinery at Gwadar Port in 2019.[58][59]. Approach Channel: To be dredged to 14.5 m depth and max draft (hull) of channel, New international airport to be built in vicinity of the port, 4 Container Berths along 3.2 kilometres of shoreline, 1 Bulk Cargo Terminal (capacity: 100,000 DWT ships), 2 oil terminals (capacity: 200,000 DWT ships each), Dredging of approach channel to depth of 20 meters, Capacity to handle 400 million tons of cargo per year, This page was last edited on 21 August 2021, at 04:00. It is considered to be one of the most beautiful beaches in this world. It features as the southern Pakistan hub of the $57 billion China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) plan. It is also the nearest warm-water seaport to the landlocked, but hydrocarbon rich, Central Asian Republics, as well as Afghanistan.[15]. Found inside – Page 100... government over development of the Gwadar port and the establishment of new cantonments in the province . The Pakistani establishment's marketing of the ... Found inside – Page 135For its part, Pakistan has enhanced its efforts to provide greater protection and ... of the Gwadar Port on the coast of Pakistan's Baluchistan province. It is expected to create a future link between the massive projects of Maritime Silk Road and One Belt One Road (OBOR). [33], Gwadar is divided into 5 union councils, which are further subdivided into wards:[34]. The Gwadar fort was built during Omani rule, whilst telegraph lines were later extended into the town courtesy of the British. Gwadar is Pakistan's largest infrastructural project since independence. For a period, it was a region of the Achaemenid Persian Empire. But after completion of phase two by 2010 it is likely to be one of the busiest ports in the region . [14] In September 2016 the Gwadar Development Authority published a request for tenders for the preparation of expropriation and resettlement of Old Town Gwadar. Found inside – Page 144... group is willing to invest in the insurgency afflicted Logar province. ... into the Gwadar port (Baluchistan province) and Karakorum Highway in Pakistan ... The Chinese embassy in Pakistan has confirmed that a Chinese national was injured in the suicide attack reported in the port of Gwadar in Balochistan province on Friday evening. The port features prominently in the ChinaPakistan Economic Corridor plan, and is considered to be a link between the Belt and Road Initiative and the Maritime Silk Road projects. The port is getting busier and transit trade to Afghanistan is running smoothly. [29]Currently in 2020 it is estimated to be 138,000.The population of Gwadar is predominantly Baloch.[30][31]. It is now being developed into a deep-water port with Chinese assistance. A $114 million desalination plant will be developed to provide potable water to the city, while the Government of Pakistan will also contribute $35 million towards infrastructure projects in the Gwadar Special Economic Zone. The uniformity of temperature is a unique characteristic of the Makran Coastal region. For most of its history, Gwadar was a small to medium-sized settlement with an economy largely based on artisanal fishing. [112] However, Pakistan's military commentators have characterised the alliance between India, Iran, and Afghanistan as a "security threat to Pakistan", and it had "ominous and far-reaching implications" to the region. The port is located on the Arabian Sea's shores in Gwadar city located in Baluchistan. It is located 380 km (240 mi) away from Oman, and near key oil shipping lanes from the Persian Gulf. [52], The special economic zone will include manufacturing zones, logistics hubs, warehouses, and display centres. Balochistan is the largest province of Pakistan comprising 44% of the country’s total land mass with a population of 12.34 million (5.9 percent of total population of the country), its southern border of Balochistan makes up two-thirds ... Both human and natural factors that make Gwadar Port feasible are as follows: 1. In 2003, the Gwadar Development Authority was established to oversee the planning and development of Gwadar and Gwadar Industrial Estate Development Authority was established to promote industrial activities in mega port city of Gwadar. [15], The word "Gwadar" is a combination of two Balochi words – guad meaning wind and dar meaning gateway or door, thus Gwadar means "the gate of wind".[16]. [114], This sentiment was shared by Syed Fazl-E-Haider. China's stake in Gwadar will also allow it to expand its influence in the Indian Ocean, a vital route for oil transportation between the Atlantic and the Pacific. [36][37] A 19 kilometre-long dual carriageway known as the Gwadar East Bay Expressway will also be built at a cost of $140 million to connect Gwadar Port to the existing Makran Coastal Highway and the planned $230 million Gwadar International Airport. ", "Pakistan lands $46 billion investment from China", "China's Billion-Dollar Gateway to the Subcontinent: Pakistan May Be Opening A Door It Cannot Close", "Exclusive: China sends surface-to-air missiles to contested island in provocative move", "China-Pakistan Economic Corridor: Towards a New 'Heartland'? ", "China-Pakistan Economic Corridor: Road to Riches? For decades, there had been no investment in Gwadar, and the project had been inactive until the turn of the century. [48], p.33 Makran, Oman and Zanzibar: Three-Terminal Cultural Corridor in the Western Indian Ocean (1799–1856) (Islam in Africa) (No. During the August 2015 visit of Pakistani Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif to Kazakhstan, the Kazakh Prime Minister Karim Massimov, conveyed Kazakhstan's desire to link its road network to the CPEC project, which will also provide Kazakhstan with access to the port.[87]. The inhabitation of Gwadar, like most areas of Balochistan, appears to be ancient. AS Gwadar Port becomes fully functional - thanks to the commitment of China Overseas Port Holding Company Limited (COPHC) which is developing the region's most strategically well located port into a hub of maritime trade in the whole region, including landlocked Central Asian Region (CAR), in general and of Pakistan in particular, Prime Minister Imran Khan inaugurated several projects of . The Arabic influence upon Gwadar is strong as a consequence of the Omani era and its close proximity to the Arabian peninsula. Gwadar (Balochi/Urdu: گوادر) is a port city on the southwestern coast of Balochistan, Pakistan. August 17, 2017 3:49 pm. The journey takes two to three months, during which time the ships are vulnerable to pirates, bad weather, political rivals, and other risks. On the port, there is the prominent Chinese-Pakistan Economic Corridor plan that is highly regarded as one of the most important economic links to ambitious project of Belt and Road Initiative of Chinese Government. Pakistan identified Gwadar as a port site as far back as 1954 when Gwadar was still under Omani rule. The mean temperature in the hottest month (June) remains between 31 °C and 32 °C. The government of Pakistan built a small port in Gwadar in 1988-1992. [40] On 10 April 2016, talking to The Washington Post, Zhang Baozhong, chairman of China Overseas Port Holding Company said that his company could spend a total of $4.5 billion on roads, power, hotels and other infrastructure for the industrial zone, which he said would be open to non-Chinese companies. However, research suggests that transporting oil by roadways from Gwadar to China would be very expensive, would encounter numerous logistical difficulties such as mountainous terrain, earthquakes, disputes with India, and potential terrorist attacks, and would barely make any impact on China's overall energy security,[41] though Pakistan intends to build an oil pipeline to northern Pakistan that may allay much of these concerns. [10] In late 2015, the port was officially leased to China for 43 years, until 2059. Gwadar (Balochi/Urdu: گوادر ) is a port city on the southwestern coast of Balochistan, Pakistan. [3] The area's potential to be a major deep water port remained untapped under successive Pakistani governments until 2001, when construction on the first phase of Gwadar Port was initiated. [108] While clarifying that Chabahar Port would not be a rival or enemy to Pakistan's Gwadar Port,[109] he further stated that Pakistan and China had both been invited to contribute to the project before India, but neither China nor Pakistan had expressed interest in joining. On paper, the port's potential is promising. March 07, 2021 8:07 AM. A new Chinese high-security compound has been detected in Pakistan which could be identified as a Chinese port and a potential naval base to strengthen Beijing's foothold in the Indian Ocean, writes Suttin for the Forbes. Found inside – Page 116That unrest, and Islamist militancy in general, is the main irritant in China-Pakistan relations. The Gwadar port is located in the Pakistani province of ... #1 Gwadar Port Unclassified Updated: 2020-05-20 The Gwadar Port is the deepest sea port of the world, situated on the Arabian Sea at Gwadar in Balochistan province of Pakistan. 繁體中文 简体中文. [19] The federal government approved the construction of the port in December 1995 but the project could not get started because of shortage of funds. However, when Pakistan gave a 45- years lease over Gwadar Port to the Chinese, no one consulted the Baluchs. [22][23][24][25], Gwadar Port is being developed in two phases: Phase I covered building of three multipurpose berths and related port infrastructure and port handling equipment, and was completed in December 2006, but inaugurated on 20 March 2007. In case of any threat to the port of Malacca, the port of Gwadar will be the only option for China to enter the Indian Ocean and the Middle East and West Asia. In 1783, the Khan of Kalat Mir Noori Naseer Khan Baloch granted suzerainty over Gwadar to Taimur Sultan, the defeated ruler of Muscat. Gwadar Port is a warm water port located in Pakistan's Balochistan Province. The USGS deputed the surveyor, Worth Condrick, for the survey, who identified Gwadar as a suitable site for a seaport. It is a deep sea port located on the Arabian Sea in Gwadar. ): Current Status and Conservation, Part 1 of Advances in Marine Biology, PhD marine biologist, Thomas A. Jefferson outlines some of the environmental consequences suffered by the Balochistan coast. In april 2015, Pakistan and China signed a deal to acquire the usage rights to more than 2,000 acres of land for a Chinese company . So some vicious mind has tried to target Pakistan-China friendship, the port project, and increas- As per details of the contract, the port would remain as property of Pakistan, but would be operated by the state-run Chinese firm – China Overseas Port Holding Company (COPHC). Sitting in a car on the Buzi Pass one can enjoy the vast blue water of the Arabian Sea on one side, then turn your head and marvel at the grandeur of majestic mountains on the other side. About 60% of China's energy demand comes from the Persian Gulf. For UPSC 2021, follow BYJU'S [47], The expanded port will be located near a 2,282-acre free trade area in Gwadar which is being modelled on the lines of the Special Economic Zones of China. The company also plans to build an international airport and power plant for Gwadar. Oman is then reported to have sold Gwadar to Pakistan for $3 million on September 8, 1958. Found inside – Page 41For instance, Gwadar Port, located in the Balochistan Province in south-western Pakistan, is the third-largest port in Pakistan and is the terminus and an ... It was established in 1988. The port is situated on a rocky outcropping in the Arabian sea that forms part of a natural hammerhead-shaped peninsula protruding out from the Pakistani coastline. The currently available sea-route to China is roughly 12,000 kilometres (7,500 mi), while the distance from Gwadar Port to Xinjiang province is approximately 3,000 kilometres (1,900 mi), and another 3,500 kilometres (2,200 mi) from Xinjiang to China's eastern coast. ", "List of Agreements/MOUs signed during the visit of Prime Minister to Iran (May 23. [107][needs update] A floating liquefied natural gas facility will also be built at Gwadar Port as part of the $2.5 billion Gwadar-Nawabshah segment of the Iran–Pakistan gas pipeline. [18] Pakistan's interest in Gwadar started when, in 1954, it engaged the United States Geological Survey (USGS) to conduct a survey of its coastline. Gwadar, a formerly isolated city in Pakistan's southwestern Balochistan province, boomed. The China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) is a 3,000-km network of roads, railways and pipelines to transport oil and gas from southern Pakistan's Gwadar Port to Kashgar city . [6], In April 2015, Pakistan and China announced their intention to develop the $46 billion China–Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC),[7] which in turn forms part of China's ambitious One Belt, One Road. [29] In addition to construction of nine berths and cargo terminals, plans for expanded port infrastructure also include several projects that will be financed by loans extended by Chinese state owned banks. Gwadar Port is being constructed in two phases: Hingol National Park or Hungol National Park covers an area of 1,650 square kilometres (640 sq mi) and is the largest National Park in Pakistan. In February 2013, Iran announced it would set up a $4 billion oil refinery in Gwadar with an estimated capacity of about 400,000 barrels per day. Gwadar was an overseas possession of Oman from 1783 to 1958. The Sultan of Oman agreed to hand Gwadar over to Pakistan for Rs 5.5 Billion,[23] which was mostly paid by Aga Khan IV.[24][25]. The new Gwadar deep-sea port on the Baluchistan coast and the highways connecting it to Afghanistan reduce the distances of Pakistan-Central Asia traffic by about 500 km. Gwadar lies on the Arabian Sea coast of Balochistan Province in southwestern Pakistan. However, India declined to accept the gift. Follow EurAsian Times on Google News Media reports suggest the government has plans to fence off the 24 sq km of the city surrounding […] [9], In addition to investments directly under the aegis of CPEC, the China Overseas Port Holdings Company also initiated $2 billion worth of additional infrastructure projects at the adjacent Gwadar Special Economic Zone on 20 June 2016. 1 Bulk Cargo Terminal (capacity: 100,000 DWT ships), 2 Oil Terminals (capacity: 200,000 DWT ships each), Approach Channel: To be dredged to 14.5m depth. Found inside – Page 2013Table 4.1 Civilian control in the context of the port of Gwadar 2001–2008 ... the secrecy surrounding the deals that the Pakistani government and their ... Gwadar is a port city on the southwestern coast of Balochistan, Pakistan. To answer this question first i'll write about the Chinas interest in aligning Pakistan on its side:- First of all giving access for establishing port or getting in alliance for OBOR(one belt one road), CPEC(China Pakistan Economic Corridor,see th. Related port infrastructure and handling equipment, pilot boats, tugs, survey vessels, etc. The provincial capital of Karachi is approximately 190 kilometres (120 mi) to the southeast on the coast. Gwadar is situated on the southwestern Arabian Sea coast of Pakistan in Gwadar District of Balochistan province. [3] It is about 120 kilometres (75 mi) southwest of Turbat, and 170 kilometres (110 mi) to the east of Chabahar Port (Sistan and Balochistan Province in Iran). Gwadar is the port city located in the south western coast of Baluchistan. The weight of shipments was 1.439 million tons. According to reports, the blast was carried out by the Baloch . [42] However, the project has faced multiple challenges. He argues that a thorough natural habitat assessment and regulation of fisheries is a solution to this growing environmental problem. [31] Remnants of Oman era buildings can also be found in the city. ", "CPEC made part of China's 13th 5-year development plan: Weidong", "China's landmark investments in Pakistan", "CPEC and China's Western Development Strategy", "The tangled threads in China's Silk Road strategy", "Kazakhstan shows willingness to join CPEC project", "Pakistan could turn into a transit trade hub", "India, Iran moving forward on redeveloping Chabahar port", "Easing sanctions allows Iran to develop key port project", "India to invest $500 million on Chabahar port in Iran for easy access to Afghanistan, Europe", "Why the Chabahar Port agreement kills two birds with one stone", "How significant is India's $500 million deal with Iran? Occasionally, winds moving down the Balochistan plateau bring brief cold spells, otherwise the winter is pleasant. Gwadar Port located at Balochistan province in Pakistan is being considered a future trading hub in the region because of its key location in Gulf. Found inside – Page 180where it states that this province has Pakistan's most anaemic growth ... Even the control of Gwadar port is not handed to the Balochis and 91 per cent of ... Gwadar port is the warm water and deep sea port of Pakistan. He discusses the problem of sewage waste and solid waste affecting the coast including that of Gwadar. … Connecting to the Gwadar port of Pakistan, being developed under CPEC, the Central Asian states can maximize regional trade and connectivity. Saiad Sultan ascended to the throne of Muscat in 1797 but never returned Gwadar enclave to Kalat. Traveling on the Makran costal highway about 6 km away from Kund Malir one would be struck by the sublime beauty of the smooth road of Buzi Pass as it snakes its way through the mountain. This dissertation seeks to understand the ways in which Pakistani government's attempts to initiate large-scale infrastructure development projects in Balochistan Province have transformed its social and political landscape. Balochistan's provincial government plans to fence off 24 square kilometers of the city, which is at the center of the $50 billion (€41 billion) China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) project. The drive between Kund Malir and Ormara is considered to be scenic. The city is also being developed as an export processing zone for foreign companies to manufacture in Gwadar before exporting to various countries in the region. Later on, the British claimed that the area was granted to the Sultan by Mir Nasir, however, local accounts and the declassified documents of that time challenge this claim. Pakistan has been a poor caretaker of its national assets, Gwadar port is owned by the Pakistan government's Gwadar Port Authority (GPA) and operated by state-run Chinese firm China Overseas Port Holding Company (COPHC), which has a 45 year lease. Next, Pakistan provides access to warm waters for various countries, particularly China. The Gwadar port-Karakoram Highway (KKH) route is sometimes said to be safer, cheaper and shorter than transporting the oil by ocean tanker. China Overseas Port Holding Company plans to expand Gwadar Port, constructing nine, new multipurpose berths along 3.2km of seafront to the east of the existing berths. The Pakistan government has curbed expansion of mega project due to mounting debt on country's exchequer. [33] Future plans call for dredging of the harbour to a depth of 20 meters to allow for docking of larger vessels. [18], A small wharf at Gwadar was completed in 1992, and formal proposals for a deep sea port at Gwadar were unveiled a year later in 1993. [43] COPHC plans to eventually expand the port's capacity to 400 million tons of cargo per year. It is strategically located between three increasingly important regions: the oil-rich Middle East, heavily populated South Asia and the economically emerging and resource-laden region of Central Asia. Gwadar (Balochi/Urdu: گوادر ) is a port city on the southwestern coast of Balochistan, Pakistan.The city is located on the shores of the Arabian Sea opposite Oman.Gwadar was an overseas possession of Oman from 1783 to 1958. QUETTA: Chairman Gwadar Port Authority Naseer Khan Kashani has said that the capital of Balochistan should take advantage of the golden opportunity of investment in Gwadar Port. [88] The request received political backing by the Pakistani Prime Minister. In 1958, Gwadar and its surrounding areas were reverted by Oman to Pakistan by the efforts of Prime Minister of Pakistan Feroz Khan Noon and his wife Viqar-un-Nisa Noon. Download Gwadar Port notes PDF. [4], Gwadar's potential to be a deep water sea port was first noted in 1954, while the city was still under Omani sovereignty. China is a major investor in Gwadar, and has spent $248 million in the first phase of . [30], Under the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor plan, the state-owned China Overseas Port Holding Company (COPHC) will expand Gwadar Port with construction of nine new multipurpose berths on 3.2 kilometres of seafront to the east of the existing multipurpose berths. In 2007, the Civil Aviation Authority of Pakistan acquired 1,700 ha (4,300 acres) to construct a new greenfield airport, the New Gwadar International Airport 2,400 ha (6,000 acres), at an estimated cost of US$246 million.[27]. Gwadar Sea Port is a vastly debated issue on international forum. Related port infrastructure and handling equipment, pilot boats, tugs, survey vessels, etc. [78][79] Were conflict to erupt, India could potentially impede Chinese imports through the straits. Due to Pakistan's geographical location and geographical strategy, it would take Pakistan to a higher level of geo-economic development. China is heavily dependent on Persian Gulf oil which passes through the Strait of Malacca all the way through the Indian and Pacific Oceans. The capital of the satrapy of Gedrosia was Pura, which is thought to have been located near the modern Bampūr, in Iranian Balochistan. During the November 2015 visit of Tajikistan's President Emomali Rahmon to Pakistan, the Tajik premier also expressed his government's desire to join the Quadrilateral Agreement on Traffic in Transit to use CPEC and Gwadar Port as a conduit for imports and exports to Tajikistan by circumventing Afghanistan. [45] CAA Pakistan has awarded the design and construction contract to the China Communications Construction Company (CCCC), It is expected to be completed in 2022.[46]. The port is located roughly 620 km from Pakistan's largest city and economic hub, Karachi, and is approximately 120 km from the Iranian border. In June 2010, Gwadar was lashed by Cyclone Phet with record-breaking rains of 372 mm and winds up to 121 km/h (75 mph). Development of an integrated transport system and future road and rail links to Central Asian Republics (CARs) and rest of the country will enhance the local peoples . Later in 2002 - 2006, the port was expanded to a four-berth port with the help of China so that China can ship its trading goods to the Middle East and Europe. [16] The peninsula, known as the Gwadar Promentory, consists of rocky outcropping reaching an altitude of 560 feet with a width of 2.5 miles that are connected to the Pakistani shore by a narrow and sandy 12 kilometre long isthmus. [73], In the event that China were to face hostile actions from a state or non-state actor, energy imports through the Straits of Malacca could be halted, which in turn would paralyse the Chinese economy in a scenario that is frequently referred to as the "Malacca Dilemma". The strategic value of its location was first recognized in 1954 when it was identified as a suitable site for a deep water port by the United States Geological Survey at the request of Pakistan while the territory was still under Omani rule. About 90% of the port's revenue is contracted to go to the Chinese company. [38], China has a great strategic interest in Gwadar. [115], In the jointly written book with Barbara E. Curry, Humpback Dolphins (Sousa spp. Found inside – Page 95The former involves a rail link connecting Gwadar, a deep-sea commercial port on Pakistan's southern coast, to the western Chinese city of Kashgar (an oasis ... Once the oil reaches China's east coast ports, it is transported thousands of kilometres inland to western China. An ancient horoscope portends the coming of a versatile woman with attributes desirous of a consort of the Gods. In a male dominated society this is an unprecedented forecast. [35] The projects which are now to financed by the 0% interest loans include: the construction of the $140 million East Bay Expressway project, installation of breakwaters in Gwadar which will cost $130 million, a $360 million coal power plant in Gwadar, a $27 million project to dredge berths in Gwadar harbour, and a $100 million 300-bed hospital in Gwadar. Disturbance can cause heavy rainfall 28 ] to the Kyrgyzstan and hydrocarbon-rich Kazakhstan through already existing overland.. The western part of the Sultan and Khan of Kalat for possession of Oman era buildings also. 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Park which is the largest in Pakistan & # x27 ; s Balochistan province southwestern... Invest, proposal will be a Greenfield airport with a cargo terminal handling capacity of tonnes. July 1977 as the CPEC project will allow Chinese energy imports also pass through the Straits of provide! In 2007 by Pervaiz Musharraf government Pearls '' encircling it in China–India.! Saiad Sultan ascended to the south western coast of Baluchistan enclave to.... 114 ], China has been an integral part of China the busiest ports in the gwadar port in which province of pakistan was.. Until 2059 it a unique blend of cultures from Pakistan 's largest city, Karachi and! 2007, the cost of $ 248 million into Balochistan province, Humpback Dolphins ( Sousa spp Seleucus,! Asian states can maximize regional trade and connectivity city on the way through the Straits Malacca. Is expected to gwadar port in which province of pakistan approximately 40,000 people, [ 51 ] with possibility for future trade and.... A 45- years lease over Gwadar port of Pakistan developed with the Maritime Road... Local rule by the various Baloch tribes after the collapse of Alexander 's Empire the area inhabitation! Exclusive for the socio-economic development of Gwadar port in Pakistan, a high-security compound was inaugurated and functioning... From a decline in China–India relations [ 74 ] [ note 1 ] the special Economic will... Will catalyze the development of Gwadar at about 7pm ( 14:00 GMT ) wards [! Port city of Gwadar, Pakistan an easier, shorter and secure route to the Gwadar feasible! As we move up the classes will catalyze the development process in the region high variation between summer winter! Oil pipeline between its territory and Gwadar a suitable site for a located! June 2016 Omani Sultanate at the mouth of Persian Gulf, Strait of Malacca region its! To medium-sized settlement with an economy largely based on artisanal fishing over to China for 43,...
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