The population history of China covers the long-term pattern of population growth in China and its impact on the history of China. In contrast to Western European countries, where it took 75 years or longer to reduce TFR from around 5 to the replacement level, in China a similar decline took less than two decades. In a little more than a decade, however, it will for the first time in its long history give up this title, to India. Total area is the sum of land and water areas within international boundaries and coastlines of China. Other indicators visualized on maps: (In English only, for now) Adolescent fertility rate (births per 1,000 women ages 15-19) Such a compressed process of demographic transition means that, compared with other countries in the world, China will have far less time to prepare its social and economic infrastructure to deal with the effects of a rapidly aging opulation. Data tables, maps, charts, and live population clock. China's economy is the second-largest globally and is on track to become number one by 2030. According to a 2005 report by a state think-tank, it cost 490,000 yuan ($74,838) for an ordinary family in China to raise a child. Nor does it include the former British and Portuguese colonies of Hong Kong and Macau, which are governed as special administrative regions. The current population of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China is 7,572,086 as of Monday, September 27, 2021, based on Worldometer elaboration of the latest United Nations data. "China's population will reach a peak in the future, but the specific time is still uncertain. ... Maddison, Angus. An aging population will force national reallocations of resources and priorities, as more funds flow to health care and pensions. The number meant China narrowly missed a target it set in 2016 to boost its population to about 1.42 billion by 2020, with a fertility rate of around 1.8. Such a move from investment-led growth to a productivity-led model could add 5.6 trillion US Dollars to China's GDP by 2030. ; China 2020 population is estimated at 1,439,323,776 people at mid year according to UN data. About 10% of the population in the country lives on $1 USD a day, compared to 64% just 35 years ago. By 2030, China's private consumption is set to more than double to reach $12.7 trillion, Morgan Stanley analysts said in a report released Wednesday. Even with these measures in place, there are still 34 births per minute in China, but this is the lowest the birth rate has been in seven decades. China's population is forecast to be stable and then decline slightly after 2030, and India will keep growing. Mainland China population rose 5.38% in decade to 2020 -census; 2020 population 1.41 billion vs 1.34 billion in 2010 -census; Growth slowed ever since 1-child policy adopted in late 1970s About 3% of the population is Islamic, with a Christian population estimated to be about 5%. The current world population of 7.6 billion is expected to reach 8.6 billion in 2030, 9.8 billion in 2050 and 11.2 billion in 2100, according to a new United Nations report being launched today. Second, more than 160 million Chinese are 60 years old or older. China’s slow recognition and inaction in the face of its impending demographic crisis—inaction that persists despite appeals by almost all the country’s population experts to phase out the one child policy quickly—reflect policy makers’ lack of understanding of the changing demographic reality. Found insideThe study provides a major reassessment of the scale and scope of China’s resurgence over the past half century, employing quantitative measurement techniques which are standard practice in OECD countries, but which have not hitherto been ... In 1850, a man named Hong Xiuquan led a rebellion to try to create the "Heavenly Kingdom of Taiping." ; China 2020 population is estimated at 1,439,323,776 people at mid year according to UN data. China is officially an atheist state, and doesnât survey its people on their religion. Observers of China’s rise, when assessing the implications for global peace and prosperity, have largely focused their attention on the country’s economy, on its energy and resource needs, on the environmental consequences of its rapid expansion, and on the nation’s military buildup and strategic ambitions. China has achieved in 50 years—increasing life expectancy from the 40s to over 70—what it took many European countries a century to accomplish. 2 economy. Data showed a fertility rate of 1.3 children per woman for 2020 alone, on par with ageing societies like Japan and Italy. The estimates and projections contained in this revision cover a 150-year time horizon, which can be subdivided into estimates (1950-2020) and projections (2020-2100). China has entered a new demographic era. The growth from 2000 to 2010 was roughly 5.8% over the decade. Guidance for the Brookings community and the public on our response to the coronavirus (COVID-19) », Learn more from Brookings scholars about the global response to coronavirus (COVID-19) ». Great. Sociology, University of California, Irvine, US economic statecraft adrift as China seeks to join mega Asian trade deal, China’s “digital natives”: How the post-’90s generation is transforming the country. Build the strongest argument relying on authoritative content, attorney-editor expertise, and industry defining technology. China is to be the world's biggest air-travel market by 2022. Growth in demand for air travel will be driven by the ongoing expansion of Chinese disposable income. WeChat rolls out elderly ‘Care Mode’ as Tencent answers the call for an internet friendlier to China’s ageing population ... about a quarter of its population will be older than 60 by 2030. In Europe, North America, and East Asia, prolonged below-replacement fertility has already set in motion a negative population growth momentum. This long-term examination of future infrastructure needs examines what will be required, how it will be financed, and how such factors as climate change, globalisation, and urbanisation will affect these needs. This decline has taken place alongside a rise in annual per capita income from just $330 to $9,460 over the same period, and enabled China to reach United Nations targets aimed at cutting world hunger rates in half by 2015. Inertia also results from the resistance of the country’s birth-control bureaucracy, which formally employs half a million people. As a result of China’s very low fertility over the past two decades, the abundance of young, inexpensive labor is soon to be history. As a result of the country’s low fertility rates since the early 1990s, China has already begun experiencing what will become a sustained decline in new entrants into its labor force and in the number of young migrants. WeChat rolls out elderly ‘Care Mode’ as Tencent answers the call for an internet friendlier to China’s ageing population ... about a quarter of its population will be older than 60 by 2030. Urban household number in China 2010-2030, by disposable income level ... (April 6, 2021). China’s astonishing economic expansion over the past two decades took place within a highly, almost uniquely favorable demographic context. ; China ranks number 1 in the list of countries (and dependencies) by population. As of period 2015-20, India's fertility rate is 2.24 compare to 1.69 of China. "China in the world economy: 1300-2030." China's economy is the second-largest globally and is on track to become number one by 2030. The Background . Given current mortality and fertility rates, and with a population age structure that is growing increasingly older, the number of deaths will soon exceed the number of births. But the relative size of these three Chinese population groups of 160 million will soon change. This is so in part because China still has the world’s largest population and its population is still growing. The demographics of China demonstrate a large population with a relatively small youth component, partially a result of China's one-child policy.China's population reached 1 billion in 1982. Much of Chinaâs economic growth has been attributed to its abundant and cheap workforce, combined with its low social costs. China’s population is still growing, albeit very slowly, because the country still has a relatively young age structure, which produces more births than deaths, even though on average each couple has fewer than two children. Because of China’s continued mortality decline, and especially its sustained fertility decline to below replacement levels, the country has effectively entered an era of population decline. China’s population is likely to peak less than 15 years from now, below a maximum of 1.4 billion. Had it not been for China’s relatively young age structure, the population would have begun declining in the early 1990s, almost two decades ago. Whereas in some parts of the world high fertility rates continue to pose severe challenges to women and children’s health, for more than half of the world’s population, below replacement fertility is now the norm. In the country’s more developed regions, fertility has been even lower for more than a decade—barely above 1 child per couple, a level that rivals the lowest fertility rates in the world. In period 1965-70, China has higher fertility rate. Data tables, maps, charts, and live population clock. The government has put in place plans to further reduce OOP spending to 25 percent by 2030. By the turn of the twenty-first century, China’s demographic transition could no longer be doubted. Found insideThis book identifies several key topics for research to inform public policy, including changing roles in the family; labor force participation, income, and savings; and health and well-being of the public. To support China’s aging population, the government increased average pensions by more than 10 percent annually from 2005 to 2015. The country’s economic boom relied on another crucial factor: a young and productive labor force. 2050. A gradual but substantial reduction in population, especially with a concomitant aging of populations in the world’s richest countries, constitutes an unprecedented shift that is redefining the global demographic, economic, and political landscape. Even with these measures in place, there are still 34 births per minute in China, but this is the lowest the birth rate has been in seven decades. Economic growth relies on a number of basic factors. Population Pyramids: China - 2020. But more important than increased life expectancy in defining China’s new demographic era—and determining. An aging labor force will compel changes in this economic model and may make political rule more difficult. Found inside – Page 52... clear: around the year 2030, which means that China could still benefit from 'demographic profit' and 'demographic dividend' for another 15 or 16 years. According to the latest census result, the country has 1.41 billion people, signifying only a … According to the FAO, China’s undernourished population rate fell from 16.2 percent in 2000 to 8.6 percent in 2017. Middle East-North Africa. This volume first examines projected demographic changes that will affect the economic well-being of China's rural elderly over the next twenty years, taking into account both China's sharp demographic transition and the continued migration ... In coming decades, China will undergo a notable demographic transformation, with its old-age dependency ratio doubling to 24 percent by 2030 and rising even more precipitously thereafter. "Amid signs that the Chinese government may be reconsidering its one-child policy, Robert Pozen publishes this policy paper on how to fix the Chinese pension system. China, the world's most populous country, reached a total population of 1.4 billion at the end of 2019 (not including Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan). And families, in addition to their other functions, are first and foremost the primary source of support for dependents, the young and the elderly. Sorry, your blog cannot share posts by email. The looming demographic crisis will largely define China in the twenty-first century. It simulates scenarios at 2030 in three crucial topics: unemployment, extreme poverty and greenhouse gas emissions. On this basis, the document concludes with an evaluation of the risks facing achievement of the 2030 Agenda in the region. The government has put in place plans to further reduce OOP spending to 25 percent by 2030. Found inside – Page 41It is expected to drop to 110:100 in 2020 and to the normal 105:100 in 2030. Parameter four looked at international migration, which, in China, is subject ... The population history of China covers the long-term pattern of population growth in China and its impact on the history of China. In-depth research, detailed modeling and a variety of analytical tools drawn from public, private and academic sources were employed in the production of Global Trends 2030. Only one other group â Zhuang â has a larger than 1% share of the population. Found inside – Page 71Figure 3.2 shows the change of population age mix in China (2005-2025). ... from 1990 to 2030, China has been in the period of "Demographic Window of ... This booklet is based on the Estimates and Projections of Family Planning Indicators 2019, which includes estimates at the global, regional and country level of contraceptive prevalence, unmet need for family planning and SDG indicator 3.7 ... Longer life expectancy means more old people in the population and an increasing demand for services and expenditures related to health care. China also has an abnormal ratio of male to female births. "China in the world economy: 1300-2030." since the 1950s as births declined, sowing doubt over Beijing's ability to power its economy as it succumbs to the same ageing trends afflicting developed nations like Japan. Total population of China from 1980 to 2020 with … 2030. It fertility has dropped to a level lower than that of many developed countries, including the United States, Britain, and France—indeed, it is among the lowest in the world. The grey area is a residual category that includes all urban settlements with a population … Annual population growth. The number of workers aged 20 to 29 will stay about the same for the next few years, but a precipitous drop will begin in the middle of the coming decade. Aside from institutional arrangements, these include capital, technology, markets, and labor. And many parents will face a most unfortunate reality: outliving their children and therefore dying alone. As a result, in 2008, China’s rate of population growth was only 5 per thousand, down from over 14 per thousand in 1990 and 25 per thousand in 1970. By 2026, both India and China are estimated to have 1.46 billion residents each, but India will start to take 1st place with a growth continuing until 2060, while China's population is expected to decline after 2030. Today, the net gain due to favorable demographic conditions has been reduced to only one-fifth of the average level maintained from 1982 to 2000. As the country’s population is rapidly aging, this figure is expected to soar to 40 million by 2050, according to a study by the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine. The current population of China is 1,446,160,550 as of Saturday, September 25, 2021, based on Worldometer elaboration of the latest United Nations data. The figure quoted at the top of this article, for example, doesnât include the island of Taiwan, which the PRC claims as a part of China. As of November 2020, China's population stood at 1.412 billion. China’s mortality over the past three decades has been on a path of continuous decline. The country will likely have the world’s largest economy, and new money to spend on AI applications for its … But in late April, the Financial Times newspaper said the population actually fell in 2020 from a year earlier, citing unidentified people familiar with the matter. Only Japan has aged faster than China.. China has another very serious demographic problem due to sex-selective abortion and its one-child policy, resulting in a ratio of 120 boys for every 100 girls. Because the population control policy has been in place for so long, many Chinese couples, especially in the more affluent urban areas, have had only one child. China population density. Something little understood by the outside world, and indeed to the Chinese government and public, is that today’s demographic changes mark only the beginning of a crisis that will be increasingly difficult to mitigate if action is not taken soon. It's estimated that the percentage of men in their late 30's who have never married will quintuple by 2030, and this large number of unmarried young men will have a detrimental impact on population growth. In 2017, it was estimated that China’s population would peak in 2030, at 1.44 billion. China is by no means unique in experiencing below-replacement fertility. As of November 2020, China's population stood at 1.412 billion. China's population is forecast to be stable and then decline slightly after 2030, and India will keep growing. The main design problem that I investigated is: How might senior co-housing in China's suburban environment interact with culture, comfort and energy as a response to China's aging issues? According to some sources, Christianity could represent as much as 20% of China's population by 2025. The country hired approximately ten million workers to help manage the enormous task of discovering the statistics of over one billion residents. The Middle East-North Africa will continue to have … By 2030, China's private consumption is set to more than double to reach $12.7 trillion, Morgan Stanley analysts said in a report released Wednesday. This decline has taken place alongside a rise in annual per capita income from just $330 to $9,460 over the same period, and enabled China to reach United Nations targets aimed at cutting world hunger rates in half by 2015. The current population of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China is 7,572,086 as of Monday, September 27, 2021, based on Worldometer elaboration of the latest United Nations data. Major fertility reduction in China took even less time. The Background . Despite concerns over the collapse of the rural collective public health care system in the 1980s and increasing incidents and reports of air pollution, food poisoning, and public health crises (such as the SARS epidemic in 2003), the Chinese population’s overall health has continued to improve with the spread of affluence. That number has further grown in the past five years. More generally, ever more Chinese parents in the future will not be able to count on their children in their old age. Still, the fact that such a large number of Chinese men will not be able to marry is clearly a serious social concern, and the issue should not be neglected. Third, more than 160 million, Chinese families have only one child, a product in part of the country’s three-decade-old policy limiting couples to one child each. China accounted for more than a quarter of global GDP in 2018 and is projected to reach that same figure again in 2019. The PRC also claims Taiwan, which is controlled by a separate political entity called the Republic of China (ROC) as its 23rd province. That was the least since modern census-taking began in 1953. As of November 2020, China's population stood at 1.412 billion. Population of China and India will peak in 2031 and 2059, respectively. China population density is 150.4 people per square kilometer (389.6/mi 2) as of September 2021. The current period of fertility decline began quietly and remained unnoticed for almost a decade. The current growth, in other words, is a result of population momentum. The one-child policy was met with a great deal of resistance, particularly in rural areas. But the country is at the end of reaping economic gains from a favorable population age structure. For countries or areas with fewer than 90,000 inhabitants in 2019, only figures related to population size and growth are provided. In sum this book challenges public policy makers to re-assess their thinking in shaping Europe’s future. The large birth cohorts of the 1960s and 1970s were at their peak productive ages when the boom began. Such a move from investment-led growth to a productivity-led model could add 5.6 trillion US Dollars to China's GDP by 2030. This creates grim prospects for many Chinese who hope in old age to rely on their children for emotional and physical if not financial support. By 2030, AI supremacy might be within range for China. The most deadly was the Three Kingdoms period (220AD - 280AD), where an estimated 40 million people died from war, famine, and disease. China’s demographic changes will also have far-reaching implications for the world economy, which has relied on China as a global factory for the past two decades and more. But at the same time, the projected 20 to 30 million Chinese men who will not be able to find wives, due to the country’s decades-long imbalanced sex ratio at birth, may constitute a large group of unhappy, dissatisfied people. ... Maddison, Angus. However, with the number of young Chinese falling and the number of elderly Chinese increasing, it is not certain whether Chinaâs economy can continue to grow at the same rapid rate. With the current birth control policy in place amid continued low levels of fertility, by the middle of the current century, half of Chinese women aged 60 are projected to have had only one child. The challenges posed by these demographic changes will be more daunting in China than in other countries that have experienced mortality and fertility declines. Small firms caught in China's prolonged energy crunch are turning to diesel generators, or simply shutting shop, as coal industry officials voiced fears about stockpiles ahead of winter and manufacturing shrank in the world's no. While China continues to transform itself from an agrarian to an industrial and post-industrial society and from a planned to a market-based economy, it not only will need, for example, to provide health care and pensions for a rapidly growing elderly population that has been covered under government-sponsored programs. The ripple effects of fertility decline have begun to emerge everywhere in China these days. As well as adding pressure on China's working-age population and weighing on productivity, a diminishing pool of working adults will also test China's ability to pay and care for an aging nation. In the year 2010, China took up its most recent official census efforts. The demographics of China demonstrate a large population with a relatively small youth component, partially a result of China's one-child policy.China's population reached 1 billion in 1982. Update to date information about population of China in 2021. This makes the population figures a bit confusing. China accounted for more than a quarter of global GDP in 2018 and is projected to reach that same figure again in 2019. There are 1,140,663,686 people over age 18 in China. The Background . China's population is forecast to be stable and then decline slightly after 2030, and India will keep growing. Data presented in this booklet are based on the 2019 Revision of the World Population Prospects, the latest global demographic estimates, and projections prepared by the Population Division of the Department of Economic and Social Affairs ... And for the People’s Republic the challenge is all the more difficult because the country is undergoing an economic upheaval at the same time that its population is rapidly changing. Analysts said that with substantial ageing of the population already in view, the census numbers will also give ammunition to policymakers arguing in favour of raising the country's retirement age sooner than later. China's one-child rule was created in 1979 by Chinese leader Deng Xiaoping to temporarily limit communist China's population growth. So far, observers of China’s demographic changes have focused most of their attention on consequences at the aggregate or societal level: the size of the labor force, of the elderly population, and of the number of men who will not be able to marry. REUTERS/Aly Song. India will surpass China mostly due to lower fertility rate of China. These changes will in the future drive the country’s economic and social dynamics, and will redefine its position in the global economy and the society of nations. Researchers developed two scenarios to envision the future of mobility in China in 2030. Annual population growth. These forces combined have created a population that is rapidly aging and rapidly urbanizing. To understand China's population and demographics, it helps to understand its government a bit. 2030. Political legitimacy in China over the past three decades has been built around fast economic growth, which in turn has relied on a cheap and willing young labor force. Because women live longer, the likelihood that an 80-year-old woman will outlive her 55-year-old son is 17 percent. Urban couples, particularly those born after 1990, tend to value their independence and careers more than raising a family despite parental pressure to have children. According to current projections, China's population will finally peak in 2030 with a shrinking labor force and an over-65 population of 240 million. Screen for heightened risk individual and entities globally to help uncover hidden risks in business relationships and human networks. This exemplifies a characteristic feature of China’s regime—relegating difficult, long-term, structural challenges to the back burner, while giving priority to short-term crisis management and concerns about stability. Claims that these future bachelors will harbor criminal intentions and a propensity to form invading forces against China’s neighbors are unsubstantiated and overblown. Note: Urban population by size class of urban settlement and number of cities, 1990, 2018 and 2030. Source: U.S. Census International Data Base. The current population of China is 1,446,160,550 as of Saturday, September 25, 2021, based on Worldometer elaboration of the latest United Nations data. Reuters provides business, financial, national and international news to professionals via desktop terminals, the world's media organizations, industry events and directly to consumers. As of period 2015-20, India's fertility rate is 2.24 compare to 1.69 of China. Density of population is calculated as permanently settled population of China divided by total area of the country. Information, analytics and exclusive news on financial markets - delivered in an intuitive desktop and mobile interface. It resembles but is not the same as the commonly used “dependency ratio,” which is the ratio of the dependent-age population (such as 0–14 years old and 60 and above) to the productive-age population (such as 15–59 or 20–59). online. Families who breach this policy tend to lie on census polls, so the true population of China may be a bit skewed. During the 15 years of the rebellion, an estimated 20-30 million people died, primarily due to plague and famine. However, the population … It will also have profound consequences for labor productivity, since the youngest workers are the most recently educated and the most innovative. ; China population is equivalent to 18.47% of the total world population. ; China ranks number 1 in the list of countries (and dependencies) by population. It was in place until January 1, 2016. BEIJING, May 11 (Reuters) - China's population grew at its slowest in the last decade In 2017, it was estimated that China’s population would peak in 2030, at 1.44 billion. The size of the country’s population aged 60 and above, on the other hand, will increase dramatically, growing by 100 million in just 15 years (from 200 million in 2015 to over 300 million by 2030). in February last year. The scheme, which rewarded couples that agreed to have just one child with cash bonuses and better access to housing, proved so successful that the birth rate of 1.4 children per woman fell below the replacement rate of 2.1 children per woman. A survey taken in China showed that 85% of Chinese residents have some religious beliefs, while just 15% consider themselves to be atheists. One bright spot in the data was an unexpected increase in the proportion of young people - 17.95% of the population was 14 or younger in 2020, compared with 16.6% in 2010. Its mortality rate has dropped to a level not very different from that of the developed countries. Such a labor force, a non-repeatable historical phenomenon resulting from a rapid demographic transition, was fortuitously present as the Chinese economy was about to take off. To reach that same figure again in 2019 2008, that number had shrunk by one-third to. 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Industry leader for online information for tax, accounting and finance professionals military acaemia... Population density is 150.4 people per square kilometer ( 389.6/mi 2 ) as of September 2013 that! Countries more girls are born than boys, in other words, completed its transition. Aging and rapidly urbanizing scope of coverage to those who were not covered under the old system and 2000 China., the third largest country, has 120 million fewer people, China enjoyed an average annual rate China! Less time should the overused label “ crisis ” be attached to such slow-moving developments folk religion that common! Share of the one-child policy was met with a Christian population estimated to be world! Keep growing air-travel market by 2022 billion in the world today peak productive ages when the boom.... That have experienced mortality and fertility declines largely define China in 2030 at... 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